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Messaging infrastructure

Sender Pool

What is Sender Pool?

A sender pool is the set of outbound senders — long codes, short codes, alphanumeric sender IDs, or WhatsApp numbers — a message draws its routing identity from when it is sent. A send walks the pool's senders in rotation, applying per-sender throughput caps and per-country eligibility, so one degraded sender shifts traffic to the rest instead of stalling messages.

More detail

On Orbit a send resolves its sender through the chain `from → sender_pool_id → messaging_service_id`: a direct sender wins, a named pool picks from its members, and a messaging service fills in only when neither is passed.

When every sender in a pool is over its throughput cap or removed, message rows sit at pending until capacity returns — the fix is to add senders or route through a pool with free capacity, not to resubmit the batch.

Pool size is a tenant-owned control: a pool spread thin across many lightly-used numbers reads as snowshoe spamming to carriers, which flag the pattern at the pool level. Orbit flags an over-spread pool as needing consolidation, and sizing the pool to real send volume avoids the reading.

Frequently asked

What happens when my pool is empty?
Message rows stay at pending until a sender is added back or free capacity returns — add senders to the pool or route through another pool with capacity, and the queued messages draw from the new sender. See the sender-pool-empty troubleshooting page.
How does Orbit prevent snowshoe?
Carriers flag thin, oversized pools as snowshoe at the pool level, not one number at a time. Orbit's deliverability autopilot watches pool shape and flags an over-spread pool for consolidation, so pool size tracks real send volume instead of dodging per-number thresholds.
Which resolution wins: from, sender_pool_id, or messaging_service_id?
The chain checks from first, then sender_pool_id, then messaging_service_id — a direct sender named on the message wins, and a messaging service fills in a sender only when neither a direct sender nor a pool was passed.

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